In his announcement, the dictator’s son spoke of bringing back “unifying leadership” to the country, perhaps alluding to his father’s rule, when all were united under the whim of one man. Almost half a century since military rule was declared, the Philippines may yet see its instigators rise to power once more. Marcos’ son, Ferdinand Marcos Jr., better known as “Bongbong,” officially announced his candidacy for the upcoming May 2022 presidential election October 5 with clear intentions to revitalize his father’s legacy. But his feats and his memory continue to polarize Philippine politics almost as much as when he was in power. Former dictator Ferdinand Marcos is long gone now after being deposed by a popular uprising in 1986 he died in exile in Honolulu in 1989. RAND's publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions of its research clients and sponsors.Most would agree that the martial law period in the Philippines from 1972 to 1986 was a dark time, marred by violence, the suspension of basic civil liberties, and unparalleled thievery by those in power. For more information, visit The RAND Corporation is a nonprofit institution that helps improve policy and decisionmaking through research and analysis. To help ensure our research and analysis are rigorous, objective, and nonpartisan, we subject our research publications to a robust and exacting quality-assurance process avoid both the appearance and reality of financial and other conflicts of interest through staff training, project screening, and a policy of mandatory disclosure and pursue transparency in our research engagements through our commitment to the open publication of our research findings and recommendations, disclosure of the source of funding of published research, and policies to ensure intellectual independence. Our mission to help improve policy and decisionmaking through research and analysis is enabled through our core values of quality and objectivity and our unwavering commitment to the highest level of integrity and ethical behavior. Papers were less formal than reports and did not require rigorous peer review.
The paper was a product of the RAND Corporation from 1948 to 2003 that captured speeches, memorials, and derivative research, usually prepared on authors' own time and meant to be the scholarly or scientific contribution of individual authors to their professional fields. This report is part of the RAND Corporation Paper series. (Written for the 301st Civil Affairs Group, U.S. These theories are not necessarily mutually exclusive. Marcos is protecting foreign investors and granting huge incentives for oil exploration, against the wishes of the Congress some believe that his purpose is to stabilize himself in power and avoid demanding that the United States pay rent on its Philippine bases. (3) The "imperialist lackey" view focusses on Marcos' relations to United States and multinational business interests. (2) Another view sees martial law as Marcos' way of circumventing congressional and bureaucratic obstruction to achieve reforms and eliminate corruption-whether for altruistic or selfish reasons. Three alternative explanations for the martial law decision are: (1) The official, constitutional explanation is the threat of violent rebellion. The country was suffering from grinding poverty, widespread corruption, a stalled political and judicial system, and internal violence. Discusses the imposition of martial law by President Ferdinand Marcos of the Philippines in September 1972.